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Licence Disclaimer |
| B.C. Reg. 296/97 W.C.B. |
Deposited September 8, 1997 effective April 15, 1998 |
| This archived regulation consolidation is current to August 31, 2007 and includes changes enacted and in force by that date. For the most current information, click here. |
[includes amendments up to B.C. Reg. 106/2007, July 26, 2007]
14.1 In this Part:
"aerial ladder crane" means a unit providing crane capability and aerial ladder capability in one integral unit, which may be used for hoisting loads and for access or as a working platform, and is commonly referred to as a sign truck;
"chimney hoist" means a temporary hoist used for transporting personnel or materials during the construction of a chimney or similar structure;
"construction material hoist" means a material hoist consisting of a guiding and supporting structure and hoist equipment that is not a permanent part of a building, structure, or other work and that is installed and used during construction, alteration, or demolition to raise and lower materials required for the project;
"miscellaneous material hoist" means a permanently installed material hoist not described elsewhere in this Regulation and not governed by the Elevating Devices Safety Act;
"safe working load" means the load a crane or hoist may safely lift in a particular situation taking into account such factors as wind load, extremes of temperature and load sail area, and may be equal to or less than the rated capacity or rated load.
14.2 (1) Except as otherwise required by this Regulation, a crane or hoist must be designed, constructed, erected, disassembled, inspected, maintained and operated as specified by the manufacturer or a professional engineer, and to meet the requirements of the applicable standard listed in subsections (2) to (12).
(2) A bridge, jib, monorail, gantry or overhead travelling crane must meet the design requirements of
(a) for electrical components and functions, CSA Standard C22.1-94, Canadian Electrical Code, Part 1, Section 40 and CSA Standard C22.2 No. 33-M1984 (Reaffirmed 1992), Construction and Test of Electric Cranes and Hoists, and
(b) ANSI Standard MH27.1-1981, Specifications for Underhung Cranes and Monorail Systems, or
(c) Crane Manufacturers Association of America (CMAA) Specification #70, (Revised 1988) Specifications for Electric Overhead Traveling Cranes, or
(d) Crane Manufacturers Association of America (CMAA) Specification #74, Specifications for Top Running and Under Running Single Girder Electric Overhead Traveling Cranes Utilizing Under Running Trolley Hoist.
(3) A bridge, jib, monorail, gantry or overhead travelling crane must meet the safety requirements of
(a) CSA Standard B167-96, Safety Standard for Maintenance and Inspection of Overhead Cranes, Gantry Cranes, Monorails, Hoists, and Trolleys,
(b) ANSI Standard ANSI/ASME B30.2-1990, Overhead and Gantry Cranes (Top Running Bridge, Single or Multiple Girder, Top Running Trolley Hoist),
(c) ANSI Standard ANSI/ASME B30.11-1993, Monorails and Underhung Cranes,
(d) ANSI Standard ANSI/ASME B30.16-1993, Overhead Hoists (Underhung), or
(e) ANSI Standard ANSI/ASME B30.17-1992, Overhead and Gantry Cranes (Top Running Bridge, Single Girder, Underhung Hoist).
(4) A mobile crane, telescoping or articulating boom truck or aerial ladder truck must meet the requirements of
(a) CSA Standard Z150-1974, Safety Code for Mobile Cranes,
(b) ANSI Standard ANSI/ASME B30.5-1994, Mobile and Locomotive Cranes, or
(c) ANSI Standard ANSI/ASME B30.22-1993, Articulating Boom Cranes.
(5) A tower or hammerhead crane must meet the requirements of CSA Standard Z248-1975, Code for Tower Cranes.
(6) A portal, tower or pillar crane must meet the requirements of ANSI Standard ASME B30.4-1990, Portal, Tower, and Pillar Cranes.
(7) A construction material hoist must meet the requirements of CSA Standard CAN/CSA-Z256-M87, Safety Code for Material Hoists.
(8) A chimney hoist must meet the requirements of ANSI Standard A10.22-1990, Rope-Guided and Nonguided Workers' Hoists - Safety Requirements.
(9) A base mounted drum hoist must meet the requirements of ANSI Standard ASME B30.7-1994, Base Mounted Drum Hoists.
(10) A guy, stiffleg, basket, breast, gin pole, Chicago boom, shearleg or A-frame derrick must meet the requirements of ANSI Standard ASME B30.6-1990, Derricks.
(11) A side boom tractor used for pipe laying or similar operations must meet the requirements of ANSI Standard ASME B30.14-1991, Side Boom Tractors.
(12) A miscellaneous material hoist must meet the requirements of a standard acceptable to the Board.
14.3 (1) A crane or hoist must be permanently identified by the legible display of the manufacturer's name, model and serial number on the structure.
(2) Each major interchangeable structural component of a crane or hoist must be legibly marked to identify compatibility with the crane or hoist, and be uniquely identified.
14.4 The rated capacity of a crane or hoist must not be exceeded.
[en. B.C. Reg. 312/2003, App. C, s. 4.]
14.5 (1) The rated capacity of a crane or hoist must be permanently indicated on the superstructure, hoist and load block of the equipment except as provided by subsection (3), and must on a crane or hoist manufactured after January 1, 1999, be indicated in SI (metric) units.
(2) The rated capacity of a monorail crane must be permanently marked on the hoist and at 10 m (33 ft) intervals on the monorail beam.
(3) Rated capacity indication is not required on a crane or hoist if the rated capacity is affected by
(a) the vertical or horizontal angle of a boom or jib,
(b) the length of a boom or jib,
(c) the position of a load supporting trolley, or
(d) the use or position of outriggers to increase the stability of the structure.
14.6 If the rated capacity is affected by a factor listed in section 14.5 (3), a legible load chart, showing the rated capacity in all permitted working positions and configurations of use, must be
(a) permanently posted on the equipment, or
(b) issued to the equipment operator, who must have it available at all times when operating the equipment.
14.7 A crane or hoist with a boom movable in the vertical plane must have a device to indicate the boom angle if the rated capacity is affected by the boom angle, and the device must be readable by the operator at the control station.
14.8 A crane or hoist must have a means or device to indicate the boom extension or load radius if the rated capacity of the equipment is affected by boom extension or load radius.
14.9 Specialized equipment designed and used only for logging operations is exempt from the requirements of sections 14.5 to 14.8.
14.10 The rated capacity of a crane or hoist with reeved-in lifting devices must be the net capacity of the equipment, except for mobile cranes.
14.11 (1) The rated capacity of a hoist must not exceed the capacity of the structure supporting the hoist.
(2) Selector switches or other effective means must be provided to ensure that the supporting structure is not overloaded by multiple hoists installed on the supporting structure.
14.12 (1) The manufacturer's manual for each crane and hoist must be reasonably available to the workplace where the equipment is being used.
(2) The manual must show the approved methods of erection, dismantling, maintenance and operation of the component parts and of the assembled crane or hoist.
(3) The portions of the manufacturer's manual, or a copy of them, related to safe operation of the crane or hoist must be available at the workplace where the equipment is being used.
14.13 (1) Each crane and hoist must be inspected and maintained at a frequency and to the extent required to ensure that every component is capable of carrying out its original design function with an adequate margin of safety.
(2) A crane or hoist must not be used until any condition that could endanger workers is remedied.
(3) Any repair to load bearing components of a crane or hoist must be certified by a professional engineer or the original equipment manufacturer as having returned the component to a condition capable of carrying out its original design function with an adequate margin of safety.
14.14 Records of inspection and maintenance meeting the requirements of Part 4 (General Conditions) must be kept by the equipment operator and other persons inspecting and maintaining the equipment, for
(a) a crane or hoist with a rated capacity of 1 000 kg (2 200 lbs) or more,
(b) a crane or hoist used to support a worker,
(c) a tower crane,
(d) a mobile crane, boom truck or aerial ladder crane,
(e) a side boom tractor or pipe layer,
(f) a construction material hoist,
(g) a chimney hoist, and
(h) any other type of hoisting equipment specified by the Board.
14.15 (1) Each crane or hoist must be erected, dismantled, operated, adjusted, inspected and maintained as specified by the manufacturer's manual unless otherwise approved by the original equipment manufacturer or a professional engineer.
(2) Modifications that affect the rated capacity of a crane or hoist must be assessed and the rated capacity adjusted by the original equipment manufacturer or a professional engineer.
(3) Modifications to a crane or hoist must be recorded in the inspection and maintenance records system and the equipment manuals must be revised as necessary to ensure that adequate and appropriate information is available for safe use and maintenance of the equipment.
14.16 A professional engineer must certify the rated capacity of a crane or hoist in accordance with criteria from the applicable design or safety standard if
(a) the origin or rated capacity of the equipment cannot be determined,
(b) the continued safe use of the equipment cannot be assured because of its age or history,
(c) repairs or modifications have been made to load carrying components,
(d) modifications have been made which affect the rated capacity, or
(e) the crane or hoist has been in contact with an electric arc or current.
14.17 (1) There must be a safe means of access and egress to the operator's position and to maintenance locations on a crane or hoist.
(2) If the normal safe means of egress is not always available to the operator during crane operations, an alternative safe means must be provided for the operator to get from the operating position to a safe area in the event of a power failure or other emergency.
14.18 (1) An effective audible warning device must be installed on a crane or hoist, unless the hoisting equipment is operated using a pendant control and the operator walks near the load.
(2) The operator of a crane or hoist must sound a warning signal when it is necessary to alert workers to hoisting operations.
14.19 (1) Each top-running crane, under-running crane and monorail hoist must have a means to limit the drop of trolley and bridge truck frames to 25 mm (1 in) if a wheel or axle fails.
(2) Drop stops must be able to support the trolley and bridge with the crane or hoist loaded up to its rated capacity and must be so certified by the original equipment manufacturer or a professional engineer by January 1, 1999.
14.20 (1) End stops must be provided on crane and hoist tracks and rails to prevent the equipment running off the end of the rail or track.
(2) The stops must contact the truck frame or be of a height of at least 1/2 the diameter of the wheels if the wheels contact the stops.
14.21 (1) Fenders must be provided on a crane or hoist which operates on rails if there is a possibility of injury to workers from contact with the equipment wheels moving along the rail.
(2) Fenders required by subsection (1) must effectively deflect any object from the path of the wheel.
14.22 Heel-pins, sheave-pins, shackle-pins and similar devices must be secured against inadvertent dislodgment.
14.23 (1) Positive boom stops must be provided on a crane or hoist with a boom that may fall over backward.
(2) A boom hoist disconnect, shutoff or hydraulic relief must be provided on a crane or hoist to automatically stop the boom hoist when the boom reaches the maximum boom operating angle specified by the manufacturer and before the boom stops are contacted.
(3) A jib on a crane or hoist must be restrained from backward overturning.
14.24 A crane or hoist that handles molten metal must have 2 holding brakes on the hoist mechanism.
14.26 A running line sheave on a crane or hoist must have a device to retain the rope in the sheave groove.
14.27 An electrically powered crane receiving its source of power from an ungrounded supply must have a ground fault indication system that is monitored on a routine basis.
14.28 (1) All controls on a crane or hoist must have their function clearly identified and be maintained in good condition.
(2) All controls on a crane or hoist which cause load movement must return to neutral when pressure from the operator is released, and be located to allow safe operation of the equipment.
(3) A crane or hoist manufactured prior to January 1, 2000 for which continuous pressure controls were not previously required is exempt from the requirements of subsection (2) for the controls to return to neutral when pressure from the operator is released.
(4) Controls for a crane or hoist not operated from a cab must be located to provide a safe distance between the operator and the load being lifted.
(5) A pendant control for a crane or hoist must be supported independently from its electrical conductors.
14.29 The operator of a crane or hoist must be protected against hazardous conditions such as falling or flying objects and excessive heat or cold that could adversely affect the health or safety of the operator.
14.30 (1) Cab windows on a mobile crane must be made of safety glazing materials meeting the requirements of ANSI/SAE Z26.1-1990, American National Standard for Safety Glazing Materials for Glazing Motor Vehicles and Motor Vehicle Equipment Operating on Land Highways - Safety Code.
(2) Cab windows on a crane or hoist which is not a mobile crane must be laminated glass, tempered glass, wired glass or clear polycarbonate plastic.
(3) Operator cab windows must be kept clear and must provide an unobstructed field of vision toward the load hook, and window wipers must be functional.
[am. B.C. Reg. 312/2003, App. A, s. 5.]
14.31 The operator's seat on a crane or hoist must be of a design that allows the operator to safely operate the equipment and the seat must be kept in good condition.
14.32 (1) The operator's cab of a crane or hoist must be kept free of unnecessary tools, material or equipment.
(2) Adequate storage facilities must be provided if it is necessary to keep tools or equipment in the operator's cab of a crane or hoist.
14.33 A fire extinguisher having at least a 10 BC rating must be immediately available in the cab of each crane.
14.34 (1) A crane or hoist must only be operated by a qualified person who has been instructed to operate the equipment.
(2) A person must demonstrate competency, including familiarity with the operating instructions for the crane or hoist and the code of signals for hoisting operations authorized by the Board before operating the equipment.
(3) Repealed. [B.C. Reg. 243/2006, s. 8 (b).]
[am. B.C. Regs. 312/2003, App. F, s. 4; 243/2006, s. 8.]
14.34.1 On and after July 1, 2007, a mobile crane, tower crane or boom truck must be operated only
(a) by a person with a valid operator’s certificate issued by a person acceptable to the Board, and
(b) in accordance with any conditions stipulated on the certificate.
[en. B.C. Reg. 243/2006, s. 9.]
14.35 (1) The operator must inspect the crane or hoist at the beginning of each shift and must test control and safety devices as specified by the manufacturer and the applicable safety code and regulations.
(2) Any defects found during inspection or use of a crane or hoist must be recorded in the inspection and maintenance record system and be reported immediately to the supervisor, who must determine the course of action to be taken.
(3) If a defect affects the safe operation of the crane or hoist, the equipment must not be used until the defect has been remedied.
14.36 (1) The weight of each load to be hoisted by a crane or hoist must be determined and communicated to the equipment operator and to any other worker involved in the hoisting operation.
(2) If the weight of a load to be lifted cannot be determined, the crane or hoist to be used for the lift must have a load weight indicator, or a load limiting device.
(3) Equipment specifically designed and used for logging operations is exempt from the requirements of subsections (1) and (2).
14.37 Load weighing devices, including load moment indicators, on a crane or hoist must be calibrated as specified by the manufacturer or at more frequent intervals, as required, and the date of calibration must be recorded in the inspection and maintenance records system.
14.38 The operator of a crane or hoist must not attempt to move a load if there is any doubt the load can be safely handled.
14.39 (1) A load must not contact the boom of a crane or hoist and the boom must not contact a structure.
(2) If contact as described in subsection (1) occurs, a qualified person must inspect the point of contact, and visible damage such as a cracked weld or a bent or dented member must be assessed, repaired as necessary, and the damaged or repaired area certified by a professional engineer as safe for use.
(3) Equipment used for handling logs and specifically designed for the logs to contact the boom is exempt from the requirements of subsections (1) and (2), provided workers are kept out of the hazard area created by the loads being handled.
14.40 A worker must not remain within range of the swing of the load or equipment when a hazard is created by the swing movement of the load, cab, counterweight or any other part of the crane or hoist, and the operator must not move the equipment when any worker is so exposed.
14.41 (1) Equipment must be positioned so that no moving part of the equipment will come within 60 cm (2 ft) of any obstruction in any area accessible to workers.
(2) If the clearance required by subsection (1) cannot be provided, entry to such areas must be prevented by barriers or other effective means.
14.42 (1) Each multiple crane lift must be under the direction of a qualified supervisor who is responsible for the safe conduct of the operation.
(2) A written procedure must be prepared for any multiple mobile crane lift if the load on any one crane will exceed 75% of its rated capacity, or where other factors make the lift complex.
(3) A written procedure must be prepared for any lift in which 3 or more cranes are used at one time to hoist a load.
(4) Multiple crane lift procedures must address rigging details, wind speed, hoist line speed, crane travel speed, load distribution and other considerations as necessary.
(5) The procedures for a multiple crane lift must be communicated to all persons involved before commencing hoisting operations.
(6) Effective communication must be established and maintained between all persons involved during a multiple crane lifting operation.
14.43 (1) If travelling with a load, the operator must ensure that the load is carried as close to the ground or grade as possible and rigged to control load swing.
(2) If necessary, a worker, designated as the signaller, must walk ahead of a moving load and warn workers to keep clear.
14.44 (1) Work must be arranged to prevent passing loads over workers wherever possible.
(2) A crane or hoist operator must not pass a load over workers, unless no practicable alternative exists and then only when the workers have been warned of the danger by an audible alarm.
(3) A worker must not stand or pass beneath a suspended load except as permitted by subsection (2).
14.45 A load must not be left suspended from the load hook of a crane or hoist when an operator is not at the controls.
14.46 The hook or load block of a crane or hoist must be positioned over the load to prevent side loading of the crane when the load is hoisted.
14.47 (1) The operator of a crane or hoist must act only on directions from a designated and competent signaller whenever the operator does not have a clear and unobstructed view of the load hook and load throughout the whole range of the hoisting operation.
(2) Repealed. [B.C. Reg. 312/2003, App. D, s. 11.]
[am. B.C. Reg. 312/2003, App. D, s. 11.]
14.48 (1) Two-way radio or other audio or video systems acceptable to the Board must be used if distance, atmospheric conditions or other circumstances make the use of hand signals hazardous or impracticable.
(2) Audio and video communication systems used in a hoisting operation must be designed, installed, operated and maintained according to a standard acceptable to the Board.
14.49 (1) A two-way radio system used to direct crane or hoist movement must operate on an ultra-high frequency, and at a transmitter power assigned and coordinated by the Board.
(2) Multi-channel radios are not permitted for use to direct crane or hoist movement.
14.50 A load on a crane or hoist load hook must be safely landed and supported, before being unhooked.
14.51 A worker must not ride on a load, sling, hook or any other rigging equipment.
14.52 (1) Before a crane or hoist is operated near a source such as a radio transmitter or energized high voltage electrical equipment which may induce an electric charge which could pose a hazard to workers, the following precautions must be implemented:
(a) the crane or hoist must be effectively grounded;
(b) any induced electric charge on the load must be dissipated by applying grounding cables or by other effective means before workers contact the load;
(c) flammable materials must be removed from the immediate work area.
(2) Subsection (1) (a) and (b) does not apply if work is being performed on a power system in accordance with the requirements of Part 19 (Electrical Safety).
Bridge, Gantry and Overhead Travelling Cranes
14.54 (1) A bridge, gantry or overhead travelling crane installed after January 1, 1999, or such a crane or its runway which has been significantly modified, must be load tested before being put into service as follows:
(a) all crane motions must be tested under loads of 100% and 125% of the rated capacity for each hoist on the crane, and the crane must be able to safely handle a load equal to 125% of the rated capacity;
(b) all limit-switches, brakes and other protective devices must be tested when the crane is carrying 100% of the rated capacity;
(c) structural deflections must be measured with loads of 100% and 125% of the rated capacity and must not exceed the allowable deflections specified by the applicable design standard;
(d) the load must be travelled over the full length of the bridge and trolley runways during the 100% and 125% load tests, and only the parts of runways that have been successfully load tested may be placed into service.
(2) A record of all load tests must be included in the equipment record system giving details of the tests and verification of the loads used, and be signed by the person conducting the tests.
(3) A replacement crane or hoist to be installed on an existing runway may be load tested in the manufacturer's facility and installed on an existing runway provided that the replacement unit has a rated capacity and gross weight equal to or less than the previously tested rating for the runway, and the runway need not be load tested unless it has been modified since it was previously load tested.
14.55 (1) A bridge, gantry or other overhead travelling crane must have a device which will prevent hook travel beyond the safe upper limit at all design hoist speeds.
(2) The uptravel limit device required by subsection (1) must be tested at the beginning of each shift, and the test results recorded in the equipment record system.
14.56 Electrical conductors for the bridge and trolley must be located or guarded to prevent contact by workers.
14.57 An electrically powered crane, other than a monorail crane built prior to January 1, 1985, must have a means for the operator to safely interrupt the main electric circuit under any load condition.
14.58 A bridge, gantry, or overhead travelling crane operated by a pendant or remote control must have markings on the crane structure or building, visible to the operator, clearly indicating the direction of hook, bridge and trolley motions compatible with those marked on the controls.
14.59 (1) The air supply for an air-operated hoist or winch must be sufficient to safely operate the hoist.
(2) Air supply hoses must be secured against inadvertent disconnection.
14.61 A manually powered hoist must have a ratchet and pawl, load brake, or other mechanism to hold the load at any height.
14.62 The crank handle for a crank operated winch without automatic load brakes must be
(a) prevented from slipping off the crankshaft while hoisting, and
(b) removed from the crankshaft before the load is lowered.
Mobile Cranes, Boom Trucks and Aerial Ladder Cranes
14.64 (1) After January 1, 2000, a mobile crane or boom truck with a rated capacity of 10 tonnes (11 tons) or more must have a device that measures and indicates the weight of the load on the load hook or disengages crane functions whose movement can cause the mobile crane or boom truck to lift beyond the rated capacity.
(2) A load indicating device must meet the requirements of ANSI/SAE Recommended Practice J376-APR85, Load Indicating Devices in Lifting Crane Service.
(3) A crane being used for duty cycle work is exempt from the requirements of subsection (1) if the load applied to the crane is safely below the rated capacity of the crane and if the possibility of an unexpected overload does not exist.
[am. B.C. Reg. 312/2003, App. A, s. 4.]
14.65 (1) The rated capacity and allowable operating radii of a crane or boom truck designed for use on land must be modified when it is used on a floating support, considering list and trim for each installation as specified by the crane manufacturer or a professional engineer.
(2) A mobile crane or boom truck equipped with outriggers, operating on a floating support, must be supported on its outriggers during lifting operations unless the instructions required by subsection (1) specifically allow otherwise.
(3) If a crane or boom truck is used on a floating support a device to measure the list of the floating equipment must be provided and be readable by the operator while in the operating position.
(4) A mobile crane or boom truck being used on a floating support must be blocked and secured as necessary to prevent it shifting relative to the bearing surface of the floating support.
14.66 (1) A mobile crane or boom truck must be operated with the turntable level, except as permitted by the manufacturer.
(2) Level indicating devices must be provided to permit the operator to determine whether the crane turntable or boom truck frame is level within the limits specified by the manufacturer.
14.67 (1) Repealed. [B.C. Reg. 312/2003, App. B, s. 24 (b).]
(2) Outrigger beams on a crane or boom truck must be marked to indicate when the necessary extension has been achieved.
(3) Repealed. [B.C. Reg. 312/2003, App. B, s. 24 (b).]
(4) Floats must be secured to the outrigger jacks of a crane or boom truck when outriggers are used.
[am. B.C. Reg. 312/2003, App. B, s. 24.]
14.68 Mobile crane or boom truck tire type, condition and inflation must be as specified by the manufacturer when lifting on rubber.
14.69 (1) A mobile crane or boom truck must only be used on a surface capable of supporting the equipment and any hoisted load without failure.
(2) If a crane or hoist will be used adjacent to an excavation, slope or backfilled area, a qualified person must determine the location for the equipment for hoisting operations.
14.70 A mobile crane or boom truck may travel with a suspended load only if the crane manufacturer specifies load ratings for this operation.
14.71 (1) A mobile crane or boom truck must be inspected in accordance with good engineering practice at intervals not exceeding 12 months, and certified as safe for use by a professional engineer, the crane manufacturer or the crane manufacturer's authorized representative.
(2) A mobile crane or boom truck temporarily located at a remote workplace may have the annual inspection and certification required by subsection (1) delayed up to 3 months after its due date, but the next annual inspection and certification must be done within 12 months of the due date.
14.72 (1) A crane boom used for driving piles with a vibratory hammer must be inspected in accordance with good engineering practice, and certified safe for continued use by a professional engineer at least every 3 months, and before being returned to lifting service.
(2) A crane boom used with a vibratory pile extractor or for dynamic compaction must be inspected in accordance with good engineering practice, and certified safe for continued use by a professional engineer at least monthly, and before being returned to lifting service.
(3) A telescopic boom on a mobile crane or boom truck must be completely disassembled and inspected in accordance with good engineering practice at the intervals specified in a standard acceptable to the Board, and certified safe for use by a professional engineer or the manufacturer.
14.73 (1) An aerial ladder crane must be inspected, maintained and operated according to the requirements for mobile cranes, and for elevating work platforms in Part 13 (Ladders, Scaffolds and Temporary Work Platforms).
(2) Load rating charts for all permitted configurations of use must be provided for an aerial ladder crane when it is used as a personnel carrying device and when it is used as a personnel carrying and material handling device.
14.74 (1) The foundation for support of a tower crane must be certified by a professional engineer.
(2) The design of shoring and bracing to support a tower crane must be certified by a professional engineer, and the shoring and bracing must be constructed as specified by the design.
(3) If a tower crane is supported partially or fully by, or connected to, a building or structure, the connections to and any bracing or shoring of the building or structure necessary to support the tower crane must be certified by a professional engineer.
14.75 (1) The tower crane erector must verify that the crane has been erected according to the manufacturer's specifications before the crane is put in service.
(2) If a tower crane is not erected according to the manufacturer's specifications a professional engineer must certify that it is safe for use before the crane is put in service.
(3) Before a tower crane is used following repositioning of the mast, a professional engineer must certify that the parts of the crane affected by the climbing process have been properly installed and any required reshoring for and bracing to the supporting structure is in place.
14.76 The structural components of tower cranes must be uniquely identified and that unique identification must be used when referring to structural components in reports for inspection and testing, and certifications for repairs and modifications.
14.77 (1) Before erection of a tower crane, the structural components of the crane must be
(a) inspected to determine their integrity by a qualified person using non-destructive testing (NDT) methods meeting the requirements of the Canadian General Standards Board (CGSB), and
(b) repaired as necessary and such repairs certified by a professional engineer as safe for use.
(2) If a tower crane remains erected at a workplace for more than 12 months,
(a) its structural components must be inspected to determine their integrity by a qualified person using NDT methods meeting the requirements of the CGSB, and
(b) after the inspection required by paragraph (a), the crane, including any necessary repairs, must be certified by a professional engineer as safe for use.
(3) The inspection and certification of a tower crane scheduled to be dismantled within 15 months of erection may be delayed until prior to the next erection of the crane.
[am. B.C. Reg. 312/2003, App. A, s. 20.]
14.78 Tower crane structures must be kept clean and free of concrete and other debris that can hinder inspection and the base area must be clear of debris and the accumulation of water.
14.79 The manufacturer's manual and current records pertaining to operation, inspection and repair of a tower crane must be kept at the workplace while the crane is erected.
14.80 (1) Counterweights used on a tower crane must be as specified by the original equipment manufacturer or by a professional engineer.
(2) Counterweight elements must be accurately weighed and the weight clearly and durably marked on each element.
(3) The weight of the counterweights installed on a tower crane must be entered in the equipment record system, or on the erector's checklist which must then be available at the workplace.
14.81 (1) A tower crane must have automatic travel limit switches and automatic overload protection devices that prevent overloading at any trolley position, the load block from travelling beyond the highest allowable position specified by the manufacturer and the trolley from travelling beyond the allowable limit specified by the manufacturer.
(2) Limit devices on a tower crane must be tested at the beginning of each work shift or more frequently if specified by the crane manufacturer.
(3) Any malfunction of an automatic limit or safety device on a tower crane must be remedied before the crane is used.
14.82 (1) Blocks for testing overload protection devices on a tower crane must be available at the tower crane site.
(2) The weights of test blocks required by subsection (1) must be as specified by the crane manufacturer, and the weight accurately determined and durably and legibly marked on each block.
(3) Lifting eyes in test blocks for a tower crane must conform to the requirements of Part 15 (Rigging).
14.83 (1) The design, location and method of attaching a tower crane operator's cab must be approved by the crane manufacturer or by a professional engineer.
(2) The rated capacity of a tower crane must be adjusted as necessary if using a cab type and location not approved by the crane manufacturer.
14.84 The jib of a tower crane must not be capable of passing over the operator's cab of another tower crane.
14.85 A tower crane must at all times
(a) have a minimum vertical clearance of 1 m (3.3 ft) and lateral clearance of 30 cm (1 ft) between any component of the tower crane and any obstruction, under all load conditions, and
(b) be able to slew 360 degrees, unless otherwise specified by the crane manufacturer.
[en. B.C. Reg. 312/2003, App. J, s. 3.]
14.87 Each tower crane operator must have effective two-way voice communication with any other tower crane or equipment operator if contact between the tower crane and any other tower crane or equipment could occur.
14.88 (1) An access ladder must be provided and fixed in position on the mast and crown of a tower crane.
(2) An access ladder on a tower crane must be able to support two 1.1 kN (250 lbs) point loads between any two consecutive attachment points, and there must be a minimum horizontal distance of 15 cm (6 in) between the rungs and the object to which the ladder is attached.
(3) Landing platforms must be provided at least every 9 m (30 ft) on the access ladder of a tower crane.
(4) Each section of access ladder on a tower crane must be offset horizontally from adjacent sections or the landing platforms must have trap doors.
(5) If a section of ladder on a tower crane has a climb exceeding 6 m (20 ft) in length, that section of ladder must have a ladder safety cage 68 cm to 76 cm (27 in to 30 in) in diameter or a ladder safety device must be used.
14.89 Each tower crane jib must have a continuous catwalk from the mast to the tip, meeting the following requirements:
(a) the catwalk must be at least 30 cm (12 in) wide and constructed with a non-skid surface;
(b) a handline approximately 1 m (39 in) high and a midline must be provided on both sides of the catwalk not more than 30 cm (12 in) from the outside edge of the catwalk and supported at intervals not exceeding 3 m (10 ft);
(c) the handline and midline must be wire rope of at least 1 cm (3/8 in) diameter;
(d) if adequate handlines are not provided, alternative means of fall protection, such as a horizontal lifeline system, must be provided in accordance with the requirements of Part 11 (Fall Protection).
14.90 The climbing space of a tower crane mast must be clear of protruding objects and provide a safe and unobstructed passage.
14.91 (1) A rotation resistant hoisting rope on a tower crane must be shortened by the removal of 3 m (10 ft) of rope at the dead end after every 500 hours of use unless
(a) otherwise specified by the rope manufacturer,
(b) the rope has 14 or more outer strands, or
(c) the rope has a plastic coated inner core.
(2) The hoisting rope on a tower crane must be properly seized before cutting.
[am. B.C. Reg. 243/2006, s. 10.]
14.92 (1) An anemometer must be mounted on the crown, apex or operator's cab of each tower crane.
(2) The readout for the anemometer required by subsection (1) must be readable by the operator while at the crane controls.
(3) Tower crane operations must stop when a load cannot be handled safely because of wind.
(4) In the absence of the manufacturer's specifications for maximum permitted wind speed during crane operation, the maximum allowable wind speed in which a tower crane may be used is 50 km/h (30 mph), or less if a load cannot be handled safely because of wind.
[am. B.C. Reg. 312/2003, App. B, s. 25.]
14.93 Tower crane operations must stop when the ambient temperature drops below -18 C (0 F) or as otherwise specified by the crane manufacturer or a professional engineer.
14.94 A tower crane counterjib must not be used for any purpose other than that for which it was designed.
14.95 A miscellaneous material hoist must be designed, constructed, maintained and operated according to a standard acceptable to the Board.
14.96 (1) A professional engineer must certify that a construction material hoist has been properly installed before its first use and before continued use after support sections or other devices are added or removed.
(2) Subsection (1) does not apply to light duty portable material hoists installed and operated in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.
14.97 A worker must not ride on a construction material hoist unless required for inspection and maintenance of the hoist.
14.98 (1) The net rated capacity of each construction material hoist must be clearly and durably marked upon the hoist structure in letters or figures at least 5 cm (2 in) high in a location which is visible to persons involved with operation of the hoist.
(2) Each construction material hoist must prominently display a notice stating that no person may ride on the equipment.
14.99 A construction material hoist more than 21 m (70 ft) in height must have an interlock system which
(a) prevents movement of the hoist platform when a gate is open at any landing, and
(b) prevents all gates from opening, except the gate of the landing where the platform is located.
14.100 A substantial covering must be provided over a construction material hoist platform entrance if there is a possibility of material falling into the platform entrance area.
14.101 A construction material hoist platform must have guardrails and toeboards, meeting the requirements of Part 4 (General Conditions), on all sides.
14.102 A runway to a construction material hoist must have a substantial floor at least equal in width to the loading side of the hoist platform, curbs and have guardrails meeting the requirements of Part 4 (General Conditions) if 1.2 m (4 ft) or more above grade.
14.103 If a construction material hoist winch drum is fitted with a ratchet and pawl mechanism, the mechanism must be clearly visible and accessible to the operator.
14.104 Electrically operated brakes on a construction material hoist must apply automatically if there is a power failure.
14.105 A construction material hoist must have devices to prevent the platform, loaded up to rated capacity, from falling if the hoisting rope fails.
14.106 (1) A construction material hoist must have devices which will automatically stop the platform at the upper and lower limits of travel and will effectively prevent platform motion under overload conditions.
(2) Motor thermal overload protection devices are not acceptable for meeting the requirements of subsection (1).
14.107 A construction material hoist tower must be erected, maintained and dismantled by or under the direct supervision of qualified personnel.
14.108 A construction material hoist operator must demonstrate competency to the supervisor, including familiarity with the operating instructions and signal codes used with the equipment.
[am. B.C. Reg. 312/2003, App. F, s. 5.]
14.109 (1) A construction material hoist operator must ensure that safety devices are working properly before operating the hoist and must keep the load within safe limits.
(2) The hoist operator must not leave the construction material hoist controls unattended unless the platform is at grade level.
14.110 A construction material hoist installation must be inspected weekly unless the manufacturer specifies more frequent inspections, and records of the inspections must be made in the record system.
14.111 (1) Control devices for a construction material hoist, including hoist control switches, hoist drum brakes, and hoist signal systems, must be tested on each shift and determined to be in safe condition before using the hoist.
(2) Safety devices, including upper and lower travel limit switches, landing door interlocks and rope guides must be tested once a week, and slack cable and load limit devices must be tested once a month, unless more frequent testing is specified by the manufacturer.
(3) The result of each test required by subsections (1) and (2) must be recorded in the record system.
14.112 (1) A construction material hoist powered by an internal combustion engine, or a hoist without automatically applied brakes, must have spring loaded pawls that engage ratchets on the winch drums.
(2) The operator must ensure that the pawls are engaged whenever material is being placed on or removed from the construction material hoist platform.
14.113 (1) Hand signals may be used to control construction material hoist operations if
(a) the hoist does not exceed 21 m (70 ft) in height,
(b) the operator has a clear and unobstructed view of all hoist landings and of the signaller, and
(c) the code of signals authorized by the Board is used.
(2) A signal system, designed to inform the operator of the level from which each signal originates and the platform motion required, must be installed at all hoist landings and at the operator's position if the operator of a construction material hoist does not have a clear and unobstructed view, or if the hoist is more than 21 m (70 ft) in height.
(3) Means must be provided to indicate the floor level the construction material hoist platform is at if the hoist is over 21 m (70 ft) in height or if all hoist landings are not clearly visible to the operator.
14.114 The following signals must be used if a bell or a light is used to signal the movement of a construction material hoist platform:
| 1 bell or light | Stop |
| 2 bells or lights | Raise |
| 3 bells or lights | Lower |
| 4 bells or lights | All clear |
14.115 The hoist operator must not move the construction material hoist platform until informed by a signal that the equipment is clear for movement.
14.116 During the construction of a chimney or similar structure where safe access to work platforms cannot be provided by stairs or ladders, a hoist meeting the requirements of ANSI Standard A10.22-1990, American National Standard for Rope-Guided and Nonguided Workers' Hoists - Safety Requirements and the requirements of this Part may, with prior permission of the Board, be used to provide access for workers.
14.117 A professional engineer must certify that a chimney hoist has been installed in conformity with this Part and the equipment manufacturer's requirements, and is safe for use before the hoist is put into service.
14.118 The structure supporting a chimney hoist, together with all hoisting gear and equipment, must be well constructed, accurately aligned, securely anchored and have the required strength and stability to safely withstand the loads imposed.
14.119 The rated capacity of a chimney hoist must be conspicuously marked on the platform or cage.
14.120 A bucket, skip or cage on a chimney hoist must be prevented from falling if a cable fails, by automatically applied arresting devices operating on at least 2 separate guide cables.
14.121 Suspension and guide cables, supporting structures, slings and metal fittings used on a chimney hoist must have a safety factor of 10.
14.122 The hoisting winch of a chimney hoist must have a positive drive and there may be no clutch between the transmission and the hoisting cable drum.
14.123 The hoisting winch of a chimney hoist must have 2 independent braking systems, one of which must apply automatically when the controls are in the neutral position.
14.124 Each chimney hoist must have upper and lower terminal stopping devices that automatically stop the bucket, skip, or cage, from normal travel speed, within the top and bottom travel limits.
14.125 The hoisting equipment of a chimney hoist must have a governing device which will effectively prevent the drum speed from exceeding 110% of the design speed.
14.126 Workers must not be raised or lowered on a chimney hoist at a speed greater than 76 m/min (250 fpm).
14.127 (1) Each landing 3 m (10 ft) or more above grade must have gates, hinged guardrails, or hinged covers.
(2) The lower landing for a chimney hoist must be guarded by perimeter guardrails and a gate.
(3) All gates of a chimney hoist system must be kept closed, except at the landing where the bucket, skip or cage is located for loading or unloading.
14.128 Materials, equipment or supplies must not be raised or lowered by the chimney hoist with a worker in the cage or platform.
14.129 There must be effective voice communication between the chimney hoist operator, occupants of the cage or platform and workers on each hoist landing.
14.130 A worker on a chimney hoist platform that is not a fully enclosed cage must wear a personal fall arrest system, meeting the applicable requirements in Part 11 (Fall Protection), secured to the load hook, or to an anchorage above the load hook.
14.131 A chimney hoist operator must demonstrate competency in operation of the hoist and familiarity with the operating instructions and signal codes for use with the equipment before being authorized to operate the equipment.
14.132 The operator of a chimney hoist must not leave the hoist controls unattended unless the platform or cage is at grade level.
Contents | Parts 1-3 | Part 4 | Part 5 | Part 6 | Part 7 | Part 8 | Part 9 | Parts 10-11 | Part 12 | Part 13 | Part 14 | Part 15 | Part 16 | Parts 17-18 | Part 19 | Part 20 | Part 21 | Part 22 | Part 23 | Part 24 | Parts 25-26 | Part 27 | Part 28 | Parts 29-33 | Schedules
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